Fix the function first
“How do the US and China differ?” is too broad. Begin with a problem both face: when a large data center needs new power capacity, who commits, who invests first, and who can leave? A fixed question makes it possible to identify rules performing comparable functions.
Read in three steps
First, map the relationships. Separate developers, customers, generators, grid companies, financiers and public authorities. Trace the flows of money, electricity, information and decisions.
Second, locate the obligation. Ask who owes what to whom, under which legal instrument or contract, on what trigger, and with what consequence for breach. Record policy objectives separately from enforceable duties.
Third, return to the outcome. Did the project connect, was it delayed, and who paid? Legal texts show the available arrangements; project evidence helps explain how they operate.
Keep competing explanations alive
Similar outcomes can arise from different mechanisms. Different outcomes can reflect geography, technology or customer structure. Record alternative explanations and the evidence that would change your conclusion.
This is a research framework or candidate file. Unverified project facts and contract terms are not presented as findings.